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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-GB link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=686 style='width:411.6pt;background:#F2E3CE'><tr><td style='padding:9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td width="56%" style='width:56.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#66667F'>IER News Brief 31/05/19<o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="40%" style='width:40.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:right;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=7b98495546&e=71131c031b"><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:#66667F'>Follow us on Twitter</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal align=right style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:right;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td width="75%" style='width:75.0%;background:#66667F;padding:9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><b><span style='font-size:42.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'>news brief<o:p></o:p></span></b></p></div><div style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'>Friday 31st May 2019<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></td><td width="25%" style='width:25.0%;background:#66667F;padding:9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/42bef9e9-0080-4d3d-9334-2e260fdb3b8d.gif" alt=42bef9e9-0080-4d3d-9334-2e260fdb3b8d.gif><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=3 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=auto-style9><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Cutbacks in the prisons service <a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=73619e4068&e=71131c031b">have led to a mass exodus of staff and chaos in the system</a>, experts have said.<br><br>Figures obtained by Shadow Justice Secretary, Richard Burgon, show that around 80,000 years of experience have been lost from the workforce due to an enormous increase in resignations by experienced officers, and their replacement by new recruits.<br><br>Between 2016 and 2018, there was a 109% rise in the number of prison officers leaving their jobs, with high levels of violence and assaults on staff among the main reasons believed to motivate resignations.<br><br>"There are consequences. People are dying in jail, and if you look at the reasons given at inquests it’s the same things that crop up time after time," former Prison Governor, Phil O'Brien, told the Independent.<br><br>"Bullying, violence, shortages of suitable staff, lack of training, poor record-keeping and communication between officers and medical staff, inadequate risk assessments and often poor emergency responses to situations."<br><br>This comes shortly after the announcement that probation services would be renationalised after a failed experiment in privatisation.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=auto-style2><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Subscribers receive all of our publications free and discount rates on our conferences. <a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=94d65fc08a&e=71131c031b"><span class=auto-style131>Subscribe now</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:30.6pt'><td colspan=3 style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:30.6pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'></td></tr><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='background:purple;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'> Tweet your support<o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style='height:3.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:3.0pt'></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="30%" valign=top style='width:30.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=auto-style2><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Support the Manifesto proposals by clicking any (or all!) of the below boxes to tweet out the message that suits you best.<o:p></o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=3 cellpadding=0><tr><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=8b86f43962&e=71131c031b"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=200 id="_x0000_i1026" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/64c7109e-e75d-4cb8-8ec0-b1338af97951.png"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></td><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=d0220cc9bc&e=71131c031b"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=200 id="_x0000_i1027" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/a24d6962-d3db-4eab-9e53-d9affcb171ab.png"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'><div><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=b8abd4092a&e=71131c031b"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=200 id="_x0000_i1028" 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href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=fdfe91a2cf&e=71131c031b"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=200 id="_x0000_i1030" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/a3ce0d17-7525-4c1f-a682-803f8d1fcc3d.png"></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></td><td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'></td></tr></table></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:30.6pt'><td colspan=3 style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:30.6pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'></td></tr><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='background:#A43F65;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'> News and comment<o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style='height:3.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:3.0pt'></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 id="_x0000_i1031" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/a445c496-c0c6-489d-86d5-33336f0515d9.jpg" alt="30th anniversary"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Support the IER in its 30th Anniversary year</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>This year we are celebrating our forthcoming 30th Anniversary and we're appealing for your support. We hope to raise £30,000 to celebrate our 30 years and with these funds we will modernise our website and communications; promote our ideas through meetings, education packs, videos and animations; and establish a reserve to avoid repeat fundraising.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=8cb25c8ac8&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read full story</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 id="_x0000_i1032" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/e80db0b0-be8d-47c8-8d7d-05383e5cbcb3.png" alt="Public sector"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Years of austerity creating "chaos" in prisons </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Years of cutbacks to prison funding have led to a mass exodus of experienced staff that is causing "chaos" and "putting the public at risk", experts have said. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=8388eb1542&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read full story</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 id="_x0000_i1033" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/95a3f90d-83e6-4ce0-b186-b01b05cc2f77.png" alt=Manifesto><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>We need to fight the Thatcher revolution with progressive ideas of our own</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>A ministry of labour would be the ultimate resistance to the Thatcher revolution and begin reversing decades of anti-union legislation, Professor Keith Ewing has said.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=97c8edc3dd&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read full story</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 id="_x0000_i1034" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/9b294d6e-4d11-4b3c-8ae7-5adef6049967.jpg" alt="Tonia Novitz"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>COMMENT: Protecting the right to strike in the ILO and the European Court of Human Rights: the significance of Appn No 44873/09 Ognevenko v Russia</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Professor Tonia Novitz of the University of Bristol updates readers on the case law that has changed the way the right to strike is interpreted in international law.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=826896cc4e&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read full story</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt 9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td colspan=3 style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='background:#773B6A;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'> Don't miss our free events <o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style='height:3.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:3.0pt'></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=500 id="_x0000_i1035" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/404b2bad-23ef-4af3-8857-f1f6ba1df784.jpg" alt=404b2bad-23ef-4af3-8857-f1f6ba1df784.jpg><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=dfdd0602cd&e=71131c031b"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=500 id="_x0000_i1036" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/50f005a7-9ccb-4e27-8085-082fd6e4b73a.jpg" alt=50f005a7-9ccb-4e27-8085-082fd6e4b73a.jpg></span></a><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=6892f478ba&e=71131c031b"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=500 id="_x0000_i1037" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/005e1d2d-2ec4-44d7-8d2a-9674f0a4bbd8.jpg" alt=005e1d2d-2ec4-44d7-8d2a-9674f0a4bbd8.jpg></span></a><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=8a9e407986&e=71131c031b"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=500 id="_x0000_i1038" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/0f1c06b6-9415-4006-831c-bfc917c47fcf.png" alt=0f1c06b6-9415-4006-831c-bfc917c47fcf.png></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:30.6pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:30.6pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td colspan=3 style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='background:#773B6A;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'> Events <o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style='height:3.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:3.0pt'></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>An evening with William B Gould</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><strong><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Thursday 27 June 2019 - 18:00 - 20:00</span></strong><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Unite the Union, London</span></strong></span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'> <br>Bill Gould, past Chair of the National Labor Relations Board has vast experience of American labour law. He has adjudicated on cases involving trade union struggles to win recognition and has played a central role in monitoring and enforcing labour standards on unwilling and often hostile employers. His insights into past and present battles between employers and workers can help focus a discussion on the kind of strategies and policies needed to change the nature of workplace relations and the role of the State.<br><br>Bill Gould will be joined by John Hendy and Keith Ewing.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=7db8aa6388&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and book your place</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>An evening with William B Gould</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><strong><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Wednesday 10 July 2019 - 18:00 - 20:00</span></strong><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Unite the Union, Liverpool</span></strong></span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'> <br>Bill Gould, past Chair of the National Labor Relations Board has vast experience of American labour law. He has adjudicated on cases involving trade union struggles to win recognition and has played a central role in monitoring and enforcing labour standards on unwilling and often hostile employers. His insights into past and present battles between employers and workers can help focus a discussion on the kind of strategies and policies needed to change the nature of workplace relations and the role of the State.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=21a5c5eafa&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and book your place</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Labour Law and the Fair Work Agenda</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><strong><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Wednesday 16 July 2019 - 18:00 - 19:30</span></strong><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Cardiff University, Cardiff</span></strong></span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'> <br>This meeting will update us on the IER manifesto, the TUC great jobs agenda and the work that the Wales TUC is undertaking with Welsh government to ensure that fair work through social partnership is delivered for workers throughout Wales.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=bb34abaea7&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and book your place</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Equality and Discrimination - Liverpool</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><strong><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Thursday 17 October 2019 - 09:30 - 16:00</span></strong><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Unite the Union, Liverpool</span></strong></span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'> <br>At this conference, an expert panel of lawyers, academics and campaigners will update delegates on the latest developments in equality law and suggest how workers' rights can be protected regardless of their personal characteristics.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=a341659d66&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and book your place</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Equality and Discrimination - London</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><strong><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Wednesday 13 November 2019 - 09:30 - 16:00</span></strong><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Unite the Union, London</span></strong></span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'> <br>At this conference, an expert panel of lawyers, academics and campaigners will update delegates on the latest developments in equality law and suggest how workers' rights can be protected regardless of their personal characteristics.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=f5057533eb&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and book your place</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Employment Law Update 2019 - Liverpool</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><strong><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Thursday 21 November 2019 - 09:30 - 16:00</span></strong><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Unite the Union, Liverpool</span></strong></span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'> <br>It's time again for the most popular Institute of Employment Rights conference of the year, at which we bring together leading lawyers, academics and campaigners from across the UK to update delegates on developments in labour law over the previous 12 months and to suggest how workers can be better protected.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=28b22389bc&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and book your place</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style31><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Employment Law Update 2019 - London</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><strong><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Wednesday 04 December 2019 - 09:30 - 16:00</span></strong><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'><br><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Unite the Union, Liverpool</span></strong></span></b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'> <br>It's time again for the most popular Institute of Employment Rights conference of the year, at which we bring together leading lawyers, academics and campaigners from across the UK to update delegates on developments in labour law over the previous 12 months and to suggest how workers can be better protected.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=ce968babca&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and book your place</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:30.6pt'><td colspan=3 style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:30.6pt'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td></tr></table></div></td></tr><tr style='height:9.0pt'><td style='background:#5BAFAC;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:9.0pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:9.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:white'> Publications<o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr style='height:3.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:3.0pt'></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=142 id="_x0000_i1039" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/8ca2aad5-3b78-4602-b0c9-9519795bcbf4.jpg" alt="Rolling out"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Rolling out the Manifesto for Labour Law: £10</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Edited by John Hendy QC, Prof Keith Ewing and Carolyn Jones</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>The IER’s 2016 Manifesto for Labour Law garnered support from major unions across the UK, the Green Party, the Scottish Nationalist Party, and most of all the Labour Party, which adopted many of the IER’s recommendations as a blueprint for future reform. Now we present Rolling Out, a guide to how our recommendations could be practically implemented. </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=3ba54274e9&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=142 id="_x0000_i1040" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/ed8ca3ae-fa0c-4030-bff8-bcdcd4f59f6a.jpg" alt=Blacklisting><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Blacklisting: the need for a public inquiry (including a Manifesto Against Blacklisting): £8</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>By Dave Smith and Alex Just</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>In his thoughtful account of the conspiracy, which incorporates the first-hand experiences of blacklisted workers and their families, the author leads readers through the multitude of obstacles faced by the victims. It concludes with a call for a public inquiry that forces those involved to publically account for their actions; and a detailed Manifesto Against Blacklisting </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=e1f8d5e33b&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=142 id="_x0000_i1041" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/ffa54ac8-9d49-4559-9d3d-1042aaacbe0b.jpg" alt="Europe, the EU and Britain"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Europe, the EU and Britain: Workers' Rights and Economic Democracy: £8</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>Notes from a seminar by the Institute of Employment Rights and the Marx Memorial Library</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>On 01 July 2017, labour movement leaders from across Europe met at the Marx Memorial Library, London, to discuss how a progressive future for workers’ rights can be sought following the UK’s vote to leave the EU. This report documents the meeting, including the transcripts of each presentation, as well as notes on the discussion between panel and delegates on the day.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=eb2ca1da04&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=142 id="_x0000_i1042" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/89596b4b-fb8c-466d-974a-89baa936f609.jpg" alt="CB Europe"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The Legacy of Thatcherism in European Labour Relations: The Impact of the Politics of Neo-Liberalism and Austerity on Collective Bargaining in a Fragmenting Europe: £8</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>By Miguel Martinez Lucio, Aristea Koukiadaki and Isabel Tavora</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>As the UK prepares to leave the European Union, this analysis – the 11th in our Comparative Notes series – shines a light on the deleterious effect of the nation's deregulatory influence on the bloc.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=20e9656b96&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr><tr style='height:58.8pt'><td width="14%" valign=top style='width:14.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'><img border=0 width=99 height=142 id="_x0000_i1043" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/f5cd005c-17c2-4c04-bd1f-452d91c64d61.jpg" alt="CB in Social Care"><o:p></o:p></span></p></td><td width="4%" style='width:4.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'></td><td width="82%" valign=top style='width:82.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:58.8pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span class=auto-style51><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>8 Good Reasons Why Adult Social Care Needs Sectoral Collective Bargaining: £8</span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>By Dr Lydia Hayes</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br></span><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#777777'>In this booklet, Dr Lydia Hayes sets out the lessons learned from her interdisciplinary research into the social care sector, and builds upon the recommendations made in the Institute of Employment Rights' Manifesto for Labour Law: a comprehensive revision of worker’s rights to propose a sectoral collective bargaining structure for the negotiation of wages and conditions.</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <br><a href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=97153b5cb5&e=71131c031b"><b><span style='font-size:7.0pt;color:#66667F;text-decoration:none'>> Click here to read more and purchase</span></b></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr><td width="64%" valign=top style='width:64.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;line-height:normal'><span class=blue1><b><span 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href="https://ier.us12.list-manage.com/track/click?u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=291e551f9a&e=71131c031b" target="_blank"><span style='color:#307EC2;text-decoration:none'>www.ier.org.uk</span></a></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE'> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#F2E3CE;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%'><tr style='height:12.0pt'><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:12.0pt'></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:center;line-height:normal'><span 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