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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body bgcolor="#FAFAFA" lang=EN-GB link=blue vlink=purple style='word-wrap:break-word'><div class=WordSection1><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#FAFAFA;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width="100%" valign=top style='width:100.0%;padding:7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt 7.5pt'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=600 style='width:450.0pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td width=600 valign=top style='width:450.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='max-width:450.0pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='background:#FAFAFA;padding:6.75pt 0cm 6.75pt 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;margin-left:-2.25pt;margin-right:-2.25pt'><tr><td width=600 valign=top style='width:450.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#656565'>News brief - 19/03/21                                                                           <a href="https://us12.campaign-archive.com/?e=__test_email__&u=f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3&id=339e51ed2f" target="_blank"><span style='color:#656565'>View this email in your browser</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='background:white;padding:6.75pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;background:cover;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;background-size: cover;background-position-x:50%;background-position-y:50%' id=templateHeader><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 6.75pt 0cm 6.75pt;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><img border=0 width=100 height=113 style='width:1.0416in;height:1.177in' id="_x0000_i1032" src="https://gallery.mailchimp.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/3038f9d5-b388-4d05-b8a1-dcf173b2070d.png"><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=right width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#4C5CA3;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td width=546 valign=top style='width:409.5pt;padding:13.5pt 13.5pt 0cm 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#F2F2F2'>What’s wrong with the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Bill <o:p></o:p></span></b></p></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='color:black'><img border=0 width=564 height=263 style='width:5.875in;height:2.7395in' id="_x0000_i1031" src="https://mcusercontent.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/4a9a6c26-bbf1-4710-a2e1-be3e5f273beb.jpg"></span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;margin-left:-2.25pt;margin-right:-2.25pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td width=600 valign=top style='width:450.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;max-width:100%;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;word-break:break-word'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>Earlier this week, the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Bill passed its Second Reading in the House of Commons just one week after it was published. The highly controversial Bill is being rushed through solely on the steam of the government's Parliamentary majority, with all opposition parties unanimously voting against it and even Tory allies, the DUP, abstaining on moral grounds. Indeed, one DUP MP said the Bill "would make a dictator blush" in the punitive limits it sets on peaceful protest.<br><br>Should the Bill become law in its current state, sentences of up to ten years in prison could be doled out to demonstrators and strikers for the new statutory offence of "intentionally or recklessly causing public nuisance", which includes the absurdly broad act of causing "serious annoyance" or "serious inconvenience". Worse, even  creating a <em><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>risk</span></em> that someone might become seriously annoyed or inconvenienced could lead to prosecution. <br><br>It also imposes prison sentences on protestors damaging statues of up to twice the length of the maximum sentence for actual bodily harm - thereby treating injury to an inanimate memorial as a more severe offence than injury to a living human being.<br><br>In a brief IER guide, we pulled together the key arguments made against the Bill in its two-day House of Commons debate, beginning with the powerful words of Clive Lewis, Labour MP:<br><br><em><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>"How often have we heard the notion that somehow liberty is an integral part of the English character, and that we fortunate few in this country are somehow different from the rest of humanity?</span></em><i><br><br><em><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>"Not for us authoritarianism, autocracy or, God forbid, the dark slide into fascism. No, no, no—that is for other people and other countries, not us. Yet here we stand, yet again with yet another Bill from this Government stripping the people of this country of yet more liberty and more of their democratic rights."</span></em></i> <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#73A533;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td style='padding:13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt;border-radius: 4px;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><a href="https://www.ier.org.uk/news/whats-wrong-with-the-police-crime-sentencing-and-courts-bill/" target="_blank" title="Read full story"><b><span style='color:white;text-decoration:none'>Read full story</span></b></a> </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#4C5CA3;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td width=546 valign=top style='width:409.5pt;padding:13.5pt 13.5pt 0cm 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><h2 align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='color:white'>FREE: Join our experts for a detailed briefing on the HSE and Covid at Work</span><o:p></o:p></h2></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='color:black'><img border=0 width=564 height=317 style='width:5.875in;height:3.302in' id="_x0000_i1030" src="https://mcusercontent.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/92dc1438-f175-4997-ab10-586a2788a8f0.jpg"></span><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 0cm 0cm 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;margin-left:-2.25pt;margin-right:-2.25pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td width=600 valign=top style='width:450.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;max-width:100%;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;word-break:break-word'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>30th March 2021 – 10:00 am - 1:30 pm</span></strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>Workplace infections account for a significant proportion of all Covid cases. An analysis of PHE data conducted by Professor Rory O’Neill, one of the co-authors of <a href="https://www.ier.org.uk/product/hse-and-covid-at-work-a-case-of-regulatory-failure/"><em><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#007C89'>HSE and Covid at work</span></em></a>, revealed that 40% of people testing positive for Covid-19 reported prior ‘workplace or education’ activity.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>Meanwhile, a survey of call centre workers by co-author Professor Phil Taylor revealed that over one in three (35.4%) were seated less than two metres away from their colleagues in contravention of social distancing rules. This is despite a warning from the government’s own SAGE advisors that reducing social distancing to one metre rather than two could increase transmission ten-fold.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>In May 2020, the government declared workplaces “Covid-secure” and reassured workers that this would be enforced through a £14m package for HSE ‘spot checks’. But IER’s analysis found strong evidence that risk was not sufficiently mitigated in workplaces because Covid-19 rules were not adequately enforced due to an underfunded, light-touch approach through an understaffed agency that failed to regulate the risk to workers and communities.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>The magnitude of this risk has since been tragically borne out by large workplace outbreaks such as that seen at the DVLA’s Swansea offices, while the government’s underwhelming response is reflected in the complete absence of prosecutions of employers known to be breaking Covid rules.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>Learn more about the report, the project, and be part of the debate by joining us at this full-morning event.<o:p></o:p></span></p><h2>Speakers<o:p></o:p></h2><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>Prof Phil Taylor, University of Strathclyde – <strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>Covid and the workplace: setting the scene</span></strong><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>Lord John Hendy QC & Prof Michael Ford QC – <strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>Covid-19 and UK’s H&S law</span></strong><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>Prof Steve Tombs, Open University<strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>– Workplace oversight and enforcement during covid</span></strong><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>Janet Newsham, Hazards – <strong><span style='font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif'>H&S what activists want</span></strong><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>More speakers to be confirmed<o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#73A533;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td style='padding:13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt;border-radius: 4px;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><a href="https://www.ier.org.uk/events/health-safety-law-and-enforcement-fit-to-protect-the-workers-of-the-21st-century/" target="_blank" title="Book your place"><b><span style='color:white;text-decoration:none'>Book your place</span></b></a> </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 6.75pt 0cm 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width=264 style='width:198.0pt;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><img border=0 width=264 height=156 style='width:2.75in;height:1.625in' id="_x0000_i1029" src="https://mcusercontent.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/3ae9663b-a12a-4ba2-affd-05af57f171a9.jpg"><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=right width=264 style='width:198.0pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><h4>COMMENT: Don't be fooled, Uber is still dodging the minimum wage<o:p></o:p></h4><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>Kate Ewing explains how Uber appears to be breaching the ruling of the Supreme Court by paying workers only for the time they are engaged in a 'trip'. <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 6.75pt 0cm 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width=264 style='width:198.0pt;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><img border=0 width=264 height=156 style='width:2.75in;height:1.625in' id="_x0000_i1028" src="https://mcusercontent.com/f121e48a8bb6d3101590c12d3/images/a8a4b5d6-54f4-486e-a013-bfa307999b46.jpg"><o:p></o:p></p></td></tr></table><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=right width=264 style='width:198.0pt;border-collapse:collapse'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><h4>Thatcher Minister admits being briefed by SpyCops<o:p></o:p></h4><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#202020'>Norman Tebbit, Thatcher's Employment Secretary, has admitted being briefed by Special Branch on the actions of trade unionists. <o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#73A533;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td style='padding:13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt;border-radius: 4px;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:black'><a href="https://www.ier.org.uk/news/thatcher-minister-admits-being-briefed-by-spycops/" target="_blank" title="Read full story"><b><span style='color:white;text-decoration:none'>Read full story</span></b></a> </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td style='padding:6.75pt 13.5pt 6.75pt 13.5pt;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;background:#0090AC;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt 13.5pt;min-width: 100% !important;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><strong><span style='font-size:18.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#F2F2F2'>IER and Covid-19</span></strong><span style='font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#F2F2F2'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:13.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#F2F2F2'>Due to the rapid spread of the coronavirus disease and the need to keep our staff, supporters and speakers safe, IER is holding all events online until further notice.</span><span style='font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#F2F2F2'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:13.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#F2F2F2'>IER staff will continue to work, but remotely from home. We will answer emails, produce publications and circulate our weekly News Briefs and other on-line information. However, phone calls to the office or mail sent by post will not receive immediate attention.</span><span style='font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#F2F2F2'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:150%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><span style='font-size:13.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#F2F2F2'>We apologise for any inconvenience caused and wish you all best wishes during this difficult time.</span><span style='font-size:10.5pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#F2F2F2'><o:p></o:p></span></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='border:none;border-bottom:solid #EAEAEA 1.5pt;background:white;padding:0cm 0cm 6.75pt 0cm;background:cover;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;background-size: cover;background-position-x:50%;background-position-y:50%' id=templateBody></td></tr><tr><td valign=top style='background:#FAFAFA;padding:6.75pt 0cm 6.75pt 0cm;background:cover;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;background-size: cover;background-position-x:50%;background-position-y:50%' id=templateFooter><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt 6.75pt;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td style='padding:0cm 6.75pt 0cm 6.75pt;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:6.75pt 6.75pt 0cm 6.75pt;min-width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><div align=center><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left style='border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td valign=top style='padding:0cm 7.5pt 6.75pt 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%" style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td style='padding:3.75pt 7.5pt 3.75pt 6.75pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align=left width=0 style='width:0cm;border-collapse:collapse;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><tr><td width=24 style='width:18.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%'><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:cent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