[Diggers350] Re: Meat: a Benign Extravagance - new book by Simon Fairlie

[Tim Leyland]

Thanks Ilyan, 

 

I wonder where you get the information on livestock creating deserts from?

Livestock do often receive a bad press but the evidence is often contrary to expressed views. 

For example, concern about overgrazing and overstocking was a feature of the colonial era up till around the 1980s. The concept of ‘carrying capacity’ along with the ‘tragedy of the commons’ stigmatized livestock keeping  as inherently inefficient and environmentally destructive (e.g. Lamprey, H. 1983 Pastoralism yesterday and today: the  overgrazing problem. In Tropical savannas: ecosystems of  the world, vol. 13). The image of desert sands engulfing African villages, combined with reports of ranching causing devastation to the rainforest, has led to a popular belief that livestock are responsible for worldwide environmental destruction. However more recent analyses of livestock keeping in dryland areas shows that with traditional livestock keeping is an efficient exploiter of patchy resources in marginal areas, and a boom and bust population cycle as the inevitable, and indeed, appropriate corollary (see Blench, R. 2001 ‘You can’t go home again’, pastoralism in the  new millennium. London, UK: ODI)

 

cheers Tim 

 

From: Diggers350 at yahoogroups.com [mailto:Diggers350 at yahoogroups.com] On Behalf Of ilyan
Sent: 24 September 2010 11:45 AM
To: Tim Leyland
Cc: 'Alison Banville'; diggers350 at yahoogroups.com
Subject: Re: [Diggers350] Re: Meat: a Benign Extravagance - new book by Simon Fairlie

 

  

Yes Tim,  But overpopulation leads to overgrazing which kills forests and can produce deserts.  It is even worse now with industrialisation poisoning the planet.
Ilyan

On 23/09/2010 11:10, Tim Leyland wrote: 

  

I detect the odd gap in Tony’s knowledge. 

 

Horses are quite distinct from cattle in their dietary habits. Cattle will eat straws and stover and can convert the energy in these by-products into protein. Stovers are even more productive if you chop them or convert them into silage. 

 

Recent research in Bangladesh shows the average daily milk yield per cow increased from 6.25 to 7.22 kg with supplementing maize stover silage. The milk fat percentage was also increased from 4.18 to 4.30 percent. Finally, the daily income (BDT/cow/d) from milk increased (P<0.01) from 76.8 to 93.4 after subtraction of total feed cost. This is very significant for a poor farmer trying to send kids to school and buy some health care. 

 

Lets also not forget that in many developing countries, livestock keeping is a multifunctional activity. Beyond their direct role in generating food and income, livestock are a valuable asset, serving as a store of wealth, collateral for credit and an essential safety net during times of crisis. Livestock are also central to mixed farming systems. As mentioned above they do consume waste products from crop and food  production, help control  insects and weeds, produce manure for fertilizing and conditioning fields and provide draught power for ploughing and transport. In some areas, livestock perform a public sanitation function by consuming waste products that would otherwise pose a serious pollution and public health problem.  

 

At the global level, (to quote from the UN - FAO) livestock contribute 15 percent of total food energy and 25 percent of dietary protein. Products from livestock provide essential micronutrients that are not easily obtained from plant based

foods.

 

Almost 80 percent of the world’s undernourished people live in rural areas and most depend on agriculture, including livestock, for their livelihoods. Data from the FAO also shows that, in a sample of 14 countries, 60 percent of rural households keep livestock. A significant  share of the livestock outputs of rural households is sold, making a sizeable contribution to household cash income. In some countries, the poorest rural households are more likely to hold livestock than wealthier ones; although the average number of livestock per household is quite small, this makes livestock an important entry point for poverty alleviation efforts.

 

The anti livestock sentiments in developed countries are making it increasing difficult to gain support for research to help these poor farmers make a better living........... for example by making silage out of maize stover. 

 

When I met George Monbiot he was on his way to northern Kenya to expose some of the anti-pastoralist policies of governments in the Horn of Africa. He will have seen how pastoralists manage to make a living in semi-desert by keeping livestock. In areas where crops could never be grown. Perhaps this experience influenced his point of view. 

 

Tim 

 

 

From: Diggers350 at yahoogroups.com [mailto:Diggers350 at yahoogroups.com] On Behalf Of Alison Banville
Sent: 21 September 2010 11:10 AM
To: diggers350 at yahoogroups.com
Subject: [Diggers350] Re: Meat: a Benign Extravagance - new book by Simon Fairlie

 

  

The Knight With a Drooping Lance

Never place people on pedestals, says Tony Wardle, for the taller you build 
them, the greater the height your heroes have to defecate on you

A latter-day Don Quixote, tilting at the windmills of imaginary environmental 
and political horrors, astride his trusty steed Rocinante (aka the Guardian). 
That’s how the Right perceive George Monbiot. Truth is, he’s been a voice of 
sanity on political and environmental issues for years and has an enviable track 

record of book writing, journalism and action.

But - and it’s a big but – he never mentioned the devastating impact on the 
planet of livestock production for meat and dairy.

I once asked his ex-girlfriend (now there’s a conversation stopper) why? Her 
answer was instant: “George loves his meat too much – you’ll never get him to 
give that up!” Always one for a challenge, I started feeding information to him 
and then, in 2002, it seemed I’d struck gold as George’s column said:“Veganism 
is the only ethical response to what is arguably the world’s most urgent social 
justice issue.” 

That article has been circulated around the animal movement ever since like some 

holy grail. Then, on September 6, 2010, George quietly urinated on this burning 
admiration: “I was wrong about veganism. Let them eat meat – but farm it 
properly.” By properly he means stop feeding animals grain and give them food we 

don’t eat.   

He starts with pigs - the perfect waste-disposal systems, turning dross into 
meat. There is enough food waste and crop residues to produce 800,000 tons of 
pork annually, he says, clearly working on the claim that we waste something 
like one-third of the food we buy.

Think of the state of the stuff you throw away as being inedible. Now imagine it 

sitting in a bin for perhaps a week or more before being collected and mixed 
with other people’s putrefying, maggot-ridden meat and fish scraps. Imagine the 
logistics and fuel use of collecting these separate little parcels of 
putrefaction, boiling them up and redistributing them to individual farms as 
heavy, liquid feed - swill.

The reason swill isn’t used any more is an over-reaction to BSE and foot and 
mouth scares, he says. Truth is, there was very little swill in use even before 
this for the simple reason that pigs don’t thrive on this unbalanced, unnatural 
filth.

He claims that a pig’s natural diet includes a fair bit of meat, which is again 
untrue. Pigs are predominantly vegetarian rooters with a few invertebrates, 
worms and amphibians thrown in - a tiny proportion of the total.

The claim is made to justify the insane recommendation that pigs should be fed 
meat and bone meal “so long as it is properly rendered.” How do you render meat 
and bone, George, to ensure that prions are destroyed? You can’t because they 
can withstand virtual incineration. These organisms, at the very frontiers of 
science, have infected not just cattle with BSE but 28 other species, including 
humans.

Their discoverer, Nobel Prize winner Professor Stanley Prusiner, is currently 
researching whether they may be behind the current explosion of Alzheimer’s 
disease in meat-eating countries across the world. 

George then turns to cattle and for them recommends: “straw, stovers and grass 
from fallows and rangelands.” Stovers (dry corn leaves) and straw are 
nutritionally almost valueless and unpalatable, which is why horses don’t eat 
the straw bedding in their stables. Even on mixed animal/arable farms you can 
see growing mountains of straw bales for which farmers have no use and animals 
won’t eat.

Grass fallow land? Now there’s a blast from the past  –  it’s a distant 
agricultural memory. You won’t find enough fallow land to feed a hutch of hungry 

rabbits. And rangelands? All over the world - from the USto the Far East, South 
Americato Africaand Australia– rangelands are seriously degraded from 
overgrazing, causing species extinction and soil erosion. Some 72 per cent of 
all arid and semi-arid rangelands are on the way to becoming desert – and they 
make up one-third of the planet’s land surface. 

He then uses these grossly inaccurate claims to rewrite the well-researched 
science on conversion rates – how many kgs of vegetable protein it takes to 
produce one kg of meat protein. It magically transforms from the 17:1 in the 
case of beef, established by Loma Linda and Amsterdamuniversities, into 2:1.

It follows that all George’s other assumptions built on this false premise are 
equally nonsensical.

Next comes water, with the claim that we have stupidly included all the rain 
that falls on any given pasture in arriving at the proposition that it takes 
100,000 litres of water to produce 1kg of beef. You might have, George, but I 
haven’t.

My figures vary but are taken from peer-reviewed research and are based on all 
the water used in meat production; grazing, fodder growing, slaughter and 
preparation. They also include the 60 per cent of all the world’s agricultural 
land that is irrigated (it’s only Californiathat uses irrigation, according to 
George).

Take a little aeroplane ride across the Western States, George, and you’ll see 
that every field you traverse is perfectly circular. Why? Because they are boom 
irrigated by pumping up water from the Ogallala aquifer and further South by 
extracting it from Lake Meadand other huge reservoirs – all of which are drying 
up. The bulk of these fields grow water-greedy fodder and is why 36 US States 
face severe water shortages within five years, a problem repeated all over the 
world.   

Next under attack is the UN Food & Agriculture Organisation for its “daft” claim 

that livestock produce 18 per cent of greenhouse gases. A 400 page report with 
666 references - daft it isn’t! In fact it is supported by 
CranfieldUniversitywhich has done its own research (How Low Can We Go?) and 
comes to almost exactly the same figure. They’re both wrong, according to 
George, for stupidly blaming deforestation on cattle ranching when logging is 
the true cause.

Timber taken by loggers isn’t destroyed but sawn up and used in products which 
can last for decades. The CO2 emissions come from torching the vegetation that 
remains - shrubs and low-level plants, ferns and saplings, palms, mid-level and 
non target trees, vines and epiphytes. Loggers have no need to do this; it’s 
done to make the land ready for cattle ranching. The soil eventually turns to 
near desert through the usual mechanisms of over grazing and agro chemicals.

So in fact, the true figure is higher than 18 per cent because the vital carbon 
sinks provided by new forest growth and healthy soil are both destroyed, 
reducing the planet’s ability to absorb future CO2.

And so it goes on, scientifically bereft claims which George’s grabs from a 
single book and stuffs himself with them greedily in a monstrous act of self 
justification so he can continue to eat meat. The book is Meat: A Benign 
Extravagance, by ex-beef farmer Simon Fairlie.

The most depressing aspect of Monbiot’s article is that he turns on its head the 

advice he has been proffering for years – demand, resist, act, take control, 
call to account. With a stroke of his pen, consumers are turned into supine, 
powerless bystanders waiting for global changes which are entirely out of their 
hands and require such extraordinary international co-operation that they could 
never happen. And even if they did, would not work.

Meantime, environmental catastrophes gather like huge, black clouds on the 
horizon, threatening the lives of billions. No matter how arcane George’s 
claims, the answer is extremely simple and puts you in control – distance 
yourself immediately from these disasters and refuse to consume animal products 
and proselytise your decision. And that includes you, George!

The last word has to go that Bedfordshire-based shrine of capitalist learning, 
Cranfield. On global warming it says that the Government has no hope of reaching 

its essential targets for CO2 reduction unless we adopt a vegetarian diet!

So George, dust off your armour, get back on your white charger, straighten out 
your lance, avoid the windmills and ride into battle against the real baddies 
before we all become victims of your friendly fire.      

Tony Wardle
Associate Director
tony at viva.org.uk <mailto:tony%40viva.org.uk> 

Viva!
8 York Court
Wilder Street
BristolBS2 8QH
0117 944 1000

www.viva.org.uk
www.vegetarian.org.uk
www.factoryfarming.org.uk
www.savethekangaroo.com
www.tonywardle.co.uk



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